The building permit is the approval people worry about least and get stuck on most. Planning feels adversarial, so it gets attention. The building permit feels administrative — until a surveyor comes back with a list, and the list takes six weeks to clear because three consultants have to re-agree with each other.

Our aim is a set that gets assessed once.

A different assessor, a different rulebook

This is worth being precise about, because conflating the two permits is the most expensive misunderstanding in Victorian residential construction.

  • Planning permit — your council, assessing against the planning scheme: zone, overlays, ResCode. Does it suit the site and the neighbourhood?
  • Building permit — a registered building surveyor, assessing against the National Construction Code and the Victorian building regulations. Is it sound, safe and compliant?

Not every project needs a planning permit. Every project involving building work needs a building permit. Where both apply, planning resolves first.

Planning permit versus building permit: the Victorian approval pathway A flow diagram showing that a project is first tested against the planning scheme. If a planning permit is triggered it goes to council as either a VicSmart or standard application. Once resolved, a registered building surveyor assesses the building permit against the National Construction Code before construction starts. Your project site + brief Check the planning scheme zone · overlays · ResCode Clause 54 / 55 Planning permit triggered? NO As-of-right no planning stage YES 01 — Council assesses the planning permit VicSmart Simple, pre-defined applications. Statutory clock: 10 business days. No public advertising. Standard application Statutory clock: 60 days — but in practice 3 months (straightforward) to 12+ months (complex multi-residential). Can be advertised. Planning permit issued — endorsed plans 02 — A building surveyor assesses the building permit Building permit Assessed by a Registered Building Surveyor against the NCC + Victorian Building Regulations. Construction starts on site Different assessor, different rulebook.
Two separate approvals, two different assessors. Council tests your project against the planning scheme; a registered building surveyor tests it against the National Construction Code. Where a planning permit is required, it must be resolved first.

What the surveyor is looking for

  • Structure — consistent with the engineer's documentation, not merely accompanied by it.
  • Fire separation and safety — construction type, separation from boundaries and other buildings.
  • Health and amenity — light, ventilation, wet area waterproofing, ceiling heights.
  • Energy efficiency — the NatHERS report's assumptions reflected in the glazing, insulation and construction shown.
  • Siting — setbacks, site coverage, overshadowing and overlooking under the building regulations. Where these aren't met, report and consent from council's building department is required.
  • Protection work — where you're building close enough to affect a neighbour's structure, a separate process applies before work starts.

The thing that stalls permits: not a missing drawing — contradiction. The architectural set says one window size, the energy report assumed another, the engineer sized a beam for a third. Each document is individually fine. Together they don't describe a building that can exist.

Consistency is the whole job

A building permit set is really four documents that have to agree: the architectural drawings, the structural engineering, the energy report, and — where relevant — the endorsed planning drawings. Add a land surveyor's feature and level survey underneath all of it.

Keeping those aligned as the design settles is unglamorous, and it is most of what you're paying for. It's also why we sequence consultants deliberately rather than engaging everyone at once and paying twice when the design moves.

Consistent with what council approved

Where a planning permit exists, the permit set must reflect the endorsed drawings. Quietly "improving" the design between planning approval and permit documentation is a well-travelled route to an amended planning application and several lost months.

If a change is genuinely needed, it's better to know at documentation than to discover it when the surveyor compares your set to the endorsement.

Related: our building permit service, working drawings (the same set, from the builder's side), and town planning drawings (the stage before).

Frequently asked

Building permit questions.

Who issues a building permit in Victoria?

A registered building surveyor — either private or from your council's building department. Not the planning department, and not council's planners. This is a different assessor, applying a different rulebook, to the planning permit.

What is a building permit assessed against?

The National Construction Code and the Victorian building regulations. The question is compliance and safety: structure, fire, health and amenity, energy efficiency, access, and the siting requirements. It is not a design review — a surveyor will not comment on whether the building is attractive.

What is report and consent?

Where a proposal doesn't meet certain siting requirements in the building regulations — things like setbacks, site coverage, overshadowing of adjoining open space or overlooking — the building surveyor can't simply approve it. Council's building department has to consider it and give consent.

It is a common, manageable step, but it takes time. Knowing early whether you need it is the difference between a planned detour and a surprise.

Do I need a planning permit before a building permit?

Only if your project triggers one. Many don't. Where a planning permit is required, it must be resolved first, and the endorsed planning drawings become the basis of the permit documentation — because the building permit set has to be consistent with what council approved.

How long does a building permit take?

The documentation is the long pole, not the assessment. Building permit documentation typically runs 6–12 weeks depending on scale and consultant coordination. Assessment by the surveyor follows once the set and the supporting reports are complete and consistent.

What holds up a building permit?

Most often, documents that disagree with each other — the architectural set, the engineering and the energy report describing three slightly different buildings. Also: missing energy report, missing engineering, protection work matters where you're building near a neighbour's structure, or siting issues that need report and consent nobody anticipated.

Drafting services

The rest of the drafting service.

Each stage answers a different question, for a different assessor.

Ready to start your project?

Site address, sketch, brief, or just a question — we'll respond within one business day.